№1 2021
Raw materials. Metallurgy
Possibilities for providing russian industry with titanium raw materials
L.Z. Byhovsky, L.I. Remizova
The structure of consumption of titanium mineral concentrates in the world and in Russia is considered. The information of Russian production of titanium concentrates and their import and export are given. The mineral resource base of titanium in Russia assessed; and possibilities of titanium deposits development for supplying titanium pigment and titanium metal production in the country evaluated. The sourcing strategy of supplying industry with titanium raw materials in Russia and abroad is considered.
Keywords: titanium concentrates, consumption, import, export, titanium deposits.
Development of the hybrid option technology from the titanium-containing raw materials in the arctic region
L.G. Gerasimova, A.G. Artemenkov, A.I. Nikolaev, Y.G. Bychenya, E.S. Shchukina
The significant part of the reserves of complex raw materials is concentrated on the Kola Peninsula, containing Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr and rare earth metals, etc. The scientific foundations for the extraction, enrichment and processing of such raw materials were created at the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. One of the reasons hindering the progress of developments is the fact that the perovskite mineral is radioactive and its concentrate has limitations in terms of its storage volumes and processing conditions. In particular, radiation hazardous operations include the grinding of perovskite and its sulfuric acid decomposition and subsequent filtration of the suspension obtained during decomposition. This prevents the use of this raw material for obtaining titanium, rare metal and rare earth products, which are so necessary for the development of the advanced industries and defense.
Keywords: non-traditional titanium-containing raw materials, radioactivity, sulfate treatment of a mixture of perovskite and sphene, extraction of titanium and rare metals.
Materials science
Influence of preliminary cyclic deformation on the features of the mechanical behavior of the Ti - 55.0 mass. % Ni
D.E. Gusev, A.V. Neiman, A.P. Neiman, A.A. Sharonov
The change in the mechanical behavior of alloy based on NiTi containing 55 wt. % Ni, depending on the preliminary cyclic deformation with amplitude of 0.2 to 2.0%, was investigated. It is shown that at deformation amplitudes of more than 0.5%, dislocation activity develops in the alloy, which promotes the development of martensitic transformation and a decrease in the proportionality limit of the alloy.
Keywords: titanium nickelide, martensitic transformation, dislocations, deformation, proportionality limit.
Research of resistance to fatigue fracture of forgings made of high-strength titanium alloy VT22M, made with final deformation in the (α + β)- and β-regions
E.N. Kablov, S.V. Putyrskiy, A.L. Yakovlev, V.A. Krokhinа, S.A. Naprienko
The results of the resistance to fatigue fracture of die forgings made from high-strength titanium alloy VT22M, manufactured with final deformation in the (α + β) -region and β-regions study are presented in this article. Investigations of durability under conditions of low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue were carried out on specimens with globular and lamellar structure. To analyze the difference in mechanism of the destruction of samples after testing for low-cycle fatigue, fractographic studies were carried out.
Keywords: forgings from titanium alloy VT22M, low-cycle fatigue, fatigue curves, endurance limit, fracture structure, fractographic analysis of fractures.
Ti-Ni-Hf alloys with high temperature shape memory effect
M.Yu. Kollerov, O.N. Gvozdeva, M.L. Kotsar, Z.M. Alekberov, N.N. Popov, V.S. Yusupov,
R.D. Karelin
The effect of hafnium on the structure and shape memory effect of alloys based on titanium nickelide is studied. It was revealed that the introduction of 5.5 at.% of hafnium rises the temperature of shape recovery up to 225°C, which provide the possibility to consider this material as a promising high-temperature alloy with shape memory effect for the manufacturing of actuators and emergency sensors.
Keywords: shape memory effect, titanium nickelide, hafnium doping, shape recovery, residual deformation, actuators
Manufacturing technologies
Improving the quality of axisymmetric stamped forgings made of VT20 alloy
V.I. Galkin, P.A. Golovkin
The possibilities of improving the quality of stamped forgings of the VT20 titanium alloy flange type by controlling the temperature and changing the deformation scheme are analyzed. It is shown that changing the forming scheme of the stamped forging from the reverse extrusion to the drawing with a simultaneous decrease in the deformation temperature effectively increases its uniformity and the quality of the forging structure.
Keywords: stamped forgings, flanges, titanium alloy, deformation and temperature fields, structure, phase transformations, deformation uniformity.
Application. Quality. Market
Problems of ensuring the reliable operation of titanium industry companies in conditions of reduced demand in separate market segments
M.Y. Mastushkin, Y.N. Kusakina, L.V. Fedorova
The main reasons for the demand reduction for aviation titanium alloys are identified. The ways of maintaining the volume of production at the leading companies of the titanium industry through public procurement, orientation to other market segments, harmonization of standards and advanced / certification are presented.
Keywords: titanium, titanium alloys, titanium industry, market, conformity evaluation, standards.
Possibilities for providing russian industry with titanium raw materials
L.Z. Byhovsky, L.I. Remizova
The structure of consumption of titanium mineral concentrates in the world and in Russia is considered. The information of Russian production of titanium concentrates and their import and export are given. The mineral resource base of titanium in Russia assessed; and possibilities of titanium deposits development for supplying titanium pigment and titanium metal production in the country evaluated. The sourcing strategy of supplying industry with titanium raw materials in Russia and abroad is considered.
Keywords: titanium concentrates, consumption, import, export, titanium deposits.
Development of the hybrid option technology from the titanium-containing raw materials in the arctic region
L.G. Gerasimova, A.G. Artemenkov, A.I. Nikolaev, Y.G. Bychenya, E.S. Shchukina
The significant part of the reserves of complex raw materials is concentrated on the Kola Peninsula, containing Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr and rare earth metals, etc. The scientific foundations for the extraction, enrichment and processing of such raw materials were created at the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. One of the reasons hindering the progress of developments is the fact that the perovskite mineral is radioactive and its concentrate has limitations in terms of its storage volumes and processing conditions. In particular, radiation hazardous operations include the grinding of perovskite and its sulfuric acid decomposition and subsequent filtration of the suspension obtained during decomposition. This prevents the use of this raw material for obtaining titanium, rare metal and rare earth products, which are so necessary for the development of the advanced industries and defense.
Keywords: non-traditional titanium-containing raw materials, radioactivity, sulfate treatment of a mixture of perovskite and sphene, extraction of titanium and rare metals.
Materials science
Influence of preliminary cyclic deformation on the features of the mechanical behavior of the Ti - 55.0 mass. % Ni
D.E. Gusev, A.V. Neiman, A.P. Neiman, A.A. Sharonov
The change in the mechanical behavior of alloy based on NiTi containing 55 wt. % Ni, depending on the preliminary cyclic deformation with amplitude of 0.2 to 2.0%, was investigated. It is shown that at deformation amplitudes of more than 0.5%, dislocation activity develops in the alloy, which promotes the development of martensitic transformation and a decrease in the proportionality limit of the alloy.
Keywords: titanium nickelide, martensitic transformation, dislocations, deformation, proportionality limit.
Research of resistance to fatigue fracture of forgings made of high-strength titanium alloy VT22M, made with final deformation in the (α + β)- and β-regions
E.N. Kablov, S.V. Putyrskiy, A.L. Yakovlev, V.A. Krokhinа, S.A. Naprienko
The results of the resistance to fatigue fracture of die forgings made from high-strength titanium alloy VT22M, manufactured with final deformation in the (α + β) -region and β-regions study are presented in this article. Investigations of durability under conditions of low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue were carried out on specimens with globular and lamellar structure. To analyze the difference in mechanism of the destruction of samples after testing for low-cycle fatigue, fractographic studies were carried out.
Keywords: forgings from titanium alloy VT22M, low-cycle fatigue, fatigue curves, endurance limit, fracture structure, fractographic analysis of fractures.
Ti-Ni-Hf alloys with high temperature shape memory effect
M.Yu. Kollerov, O.N. Gvozdeva, M.L. Kotsar, Z.M. Alekberov, N.N. Popov, V.S. Yusupov,
R.D. Karelin
The effect of hafnium on the structure and shape memory effect of alloys based on titanium nickelide is studied. It was revealed that the introduction of 5.5 at.% of hafnium rises the temperature of shape recovery up to 225°C, which provide the possibility to consider this material as a promising high-temperature alloy with shape memory effect for the manufacturing of actuators and emergency sensors.
Keywords: shape memory effect, titanium nickelide, hafnium doping, shape recovery, residual deformation, actuators
Manufacturing technologies
Improving the quality of axisymmetric stamped forgings made of VT20 alloy
V.I. Galkin, P.A. Golovkin
The possibilities of improving the quality of stamped forgings of the VT20 titanium alloy flange type by controlling the temperature and changing the deformation scheme are analyzed. It is shown that changing the forming scheme of the stamped forging from the reverse extrusion to the drawing with a simultaneous decrease in the deformation temperature effectively increases its uniformity and the quality of the forging structure.
Keywords: stamped forgings, flanges, titanium alloy, deformation and temperature fields, structure, phase transformations, deformation uniformity.
Application. Quality. Market
Problems of ensuring the reliable operation of titanium industry companies in conditions of reduced demand in separate market segments
M.Y. Mastushkin, Y.N. Kusakina, L.V. Fedorova
The main reasons for the demand reduction for aviation titanium alloys are identified. The ways of maintaining the volume of production at the leading companies of the titanium industry through public procurement, orientation to other market segments, harmonization of standards and advanced / certification are presented.
Keywords: titanium, titanium alloys, titanium industry, market, conformity evaluation, standards.
